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Systeminfo microsoft windows server 2008 r2 datacenter nic(s) installed free
Systeminfo microsoft windows server 2008 r2 datacenter nic(s) installed free. Convenience rollup update for Windows 7 SP1 and Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1
As with many other areas of R2, IIS 7. The most common method has been virtual private networks VPNs , which often require third-party client software run- ning on the client, and can be time-consuming to configure and troubleshoot. With Windows Server R2 and DirectAccess, if the client is running Windows 7, the remote user has seamless, always-on remote access to corporate resources that does not compromise the secure aspects of remote connectivity.
DirectAccess works with the Network Access Protection NAP of Windows Server R2 to ensure that client computers meet your system health requirements, such as having secu- rity updates and antimalware definitions installed, before allowing a DirectAccess connection.
Clients that are connected via DirectAccess can be remotely managed by internal IT staff, allowing you to ensure that they are kept current with critical updates. Others, as is the case with the new RDS features, work better with a Windows 7 client, but are still important improvements even if you're running Windows Vista or Windows XP.
So should you upgrade? And why? Top Reasons to Upgrade Well, the short answer is yes, you should upgrade. The why is what this book is all about in many ways, but here are our top 10 reasons to upgrade: Powerful hardware and scaling features Windows Server R2 supports up to logical processors.
The combination enables R2 servers to run with much improved memory management. Live migration enables a highly fault-tolerant virtualization infrastructure, and dynamic addition and removal of disks simplifies backup scenarios and overall management of virtualized resources.
Reduced power consumption Windows Server R2 supports Core Parking, which dynamically turns off unused processor cores when they aren't needed, reducing power consumption. Reduced desktop costs Windows Server R2 enables VDI technology, which extends the functionality of RDS to provide full desktop virtualization or application virtualization of key applications. Server Manager can now also be used remotely. Windows PowerShell v2. Windows Server R2 includes an improved and more powerful version of Windows PowerShell that has cmdlet support for remote management.
Improved Remote Desktop Services The new RDS features provide an improved and more seamless user experience, especially when the client is running Windows 7. Improved mobile user experience Mobile users running Windows 7 have seam- less and continuous access to corporate resources through DirectAccess. Themes Visited Throughout the Book Throughout this book, we focus on what is new and different in Windows Server R2, and we assume that you have at least some familiarity with Windows Server Inevitably, there will be some overlap between the features that were introduced in Windows Server , and the improvements or changes in R2.
We try to keep from telling you what you already know about Windows Server , but in some cases we need to set the stage as we go, so bear with us, please. These BPAs are part of the role-based management of Server Manager, and they scan for deviations from known best practices for the particular role. A typical error is shown in Figure Impact: f the POC emulator master in this forest is not configured to comectly synchronize time from a valid time source, it might use its intemal clock for time synchronization.
Resolution: Set the PDC emulator master in this forest to synchronize time with a reliable extemal time source. Windows PowerShell 2. This new version of Windows PowerShell adds many new cmdlets, and has built-in support for running commands remotely. It is available for earlier versions of Windows operating systems, but it is installed by default in Windows Server R2. We use it to provide simple scripts or command-line ways of doing tasks throughout the book.
An important design criterion for Windows PowerShell 2. This protects your existing investment in Windows PowerShell scripting and makes it easy for you to extend your existing Windows PowerShell knowledge to encompass the new capabilities of 2.
The installer, originally introduced in Microsoft Windows Vista, is an image-based install that is noticeably quicker than earlier versions of Windows Server. Configuration continues the role-based model introduced in Windows Server , now with a new ServerManager module for Windows PowerShell as an option for adding and removing roles and features.
Additionally, for Server Core, the command-line utility used to add and remove roles has changed. In Windows Server , the utility is Ocsetup. With the release of Windows Server , Microsoft added a new installation option called Server Core. This installs a version of Windows Server that has a limited subset of available roles and functionality, and no graphical interface, as shown in Figure Server Core is not a separate edition of Windows Server R2, it is an installa- tion option that has a reduced footprint and reduced overhead, but still provides all the underlying server functionality of the roles that are available on it.
You can't go out and buy a copy of Windows Server Core. Instead, you buy whatever version of Windows Server you need for your network, and when you install Windows Server, you choose a Server Core installation, as shown in Figure Management of server roles can be done from the command line, or from remote management tools running on other computers in the network.
So, why choose Server Core? After all, most Windows Server administrators are a good deal more comfortable with the familiar Windows graphical interface than they are with the command line, and even an experienced administrator can find the single Cmd. The two reasons we find most compelling are the reduction in resource usage—a Server Core installa- tion is physically smaller and uses less RAM—and the improved security footprint— because there are fewer services and features installed, there is a smaller attack surface.
This also has the added benefit of requiring fewer security-related updates and potentially fewer server restarts. System Requirements and Scalability The system requirements for Windows Server R2 are essentially the same as for Win- dows Server , with one very important exception: There is no bit version of Windows Server R2.
There are only bit versions. The minimum system requirements are shown in Table Table shows the breakdown by edition. The exception to this is the Hyper-V role of Windows Server R2, which supports a maximum of 64 logical processors for a single physical server. In both cases, it allows the Hyper-V hypervisor to manage memory, especially of large- memory virtual machines VMs , more effectively and with less overhead in the parent partition.
Guest operating systems can now be allowed to directly manage their own page tables, without the need for the hypervisor to intercept those calls, reducing the overhead required for the Hyper-V parent to maintain shadow page tables in software.
The cost of the power itself, along with the resulting cost of cooling to remove the excess heat generated, adds significantly to the overall cost of running a datacenter. Modern server processors have helped improve this by using less actual power per CPU, but this has been offset to some extent by the increas- ing need for more RAM and more CPUs.
When Windows Server recognizes that processors are being underutilized, it turns off or parks proces- sor cores that aren't needed, reducing power consumption. When processor demand increases, Windows Server R2 reenables cores as necessary to maintain system performance. CSV volumes enable multiple nodes in the same failover cluster to concurrently access the same logical unit number LUN.
Also new in failover clustering is improved connectivity fault tolerance, and an enhanced cluster validation tool. Scalability A key design goal was to provide higher performance for Windows Server R2 on similar hardware.
You can use NLB to distribute workloads across the cluster nodes to support a larger number of simultaneous users. We focus in this section on the various upgrade scenarios and what Is and isn't supported. The general rule is that upgrades of the same architecture, language, edition, and platform from Windows Server SP2, Windows Server R2, and Windows Server are supported. Upgrades from beta builds of Windows Server R2 are not supported, and upgrades from versions of Windows Server prior to Windows Server SP2 are not sup- ported.
If you are running a bit version of Windows Server, even if the underlying hardware is bit, there is no upgrade available. The specific supported upgrade scenarios are shown in Table There is no upgrade path for Itanium versions of Windows Server—the expectation Is that a full, clean install will be performed. There is also no way to upgrade to Windows Server R2 Foun- dation. Even where it is technically possible and supported to upgrade, in our experience it's always worth considering a clean installation.
This is especially true if the server being upgraded has already gone through one or more upgrades to get to its current level. However, before you can make a computer running Windows Server R2 a domain controller, you do need to prepare the forest and the domain that will have an R2 domain controller. To prepare the forest, follow these steps: 1. Log on to the domain controller that holds the Schema Master flexible single mas- ter operations FSMO role with an account that is a member of the Schema Admins group.
Openacommand prompt as administrator and change to the directory where you copied the files. Allow the changes to replicate before preparing the domain. If you're installing Windows Server R2 into an existing forest, but a new domain, you don't need to do anything else, but if you're installing into an existing domain, you'll need to prepare that domain using the following steps: 1.
Allow the changes to replicate before installing the new Windows Server R2 domain controller. Before you start the installation on x64 systems, however, you need to verify that you have digitally signed drivers for any hardware that will be used on the server. Starting with Windows Server , all drivers for x64 versions of Windows Server must be digitally signed or they will not load during the boot process.
This can cause the server to fail to boot, or to have hardware unavailable, so it's a good idea to make sure you have all the drivers you need before you start. Windows Server R2 doesn't require a license key to install, but you will need to provide one within 60 days to continue to use the software. As you can see in Figure , you must choose the edition of R2 you want to install.
This choice must match the license key you use to activate the software or activation will fail. Configuration The final step of the Windows Server R2 installation is setting the password on the Administrator account, as shown in Figure The user's password must be changed before logging on the first time. The default password policy for Windows Server R2 is to require a minimum of six characters, with at least three of the four categories of characters: lowercase, uppercase, num- bers, and nonalphanumeric characters.
Passwords expire in 42 days, by default. Once a server is joined to a domain, the policies of the domain will apply for domain accounts, but the local security policy will still apply for local accounts, as shown in Figure The OOBE is a useful wizard for the initial configuration of a server, providing easy access on a single page to most of the tasks you need to get your server up and running. IPv6 enabled WIN-? Windows Server and Windows Server R2 both use role-based configuration.
All the features and roles that are available to the server are physically installed on the server's hard drive, as part of the image-based install. When you want to enable specific functionality on the server, you add the role, role service, or feature that includes that functionality.
This is an important change that ensures that each role gets only the services and features enabled that are required by the role and no others, limiting the overall attack surface of the server. Enabling the role also configures the Windows Firewall for that role, enabling the role or feature to work without opening up unnecessary ports that could create an unintended security risk.
There are 17 possible roles and 42 different features that can be enabled on Windows Server R2 Enterprise Edition. New in Windows Server R2 is the ability to run the Server Manager remotely without having to open a Remote Desktop session to the remote server.
To add a role service for an already installed role, highlight that role in the tree pane and, from the Action menu, select Add Role Service. All three wizards are essentially the same. A new alternative that makes it easier to script and automate the configuration of servers Is Windows PowerShell. Windows Server R2 has a new ServerManager module that can be used to add or remove roles, role services, or features. Figure shows a Windows Power- Shell session that sets the execution policy to only require signing for scripts that originate Installation and Configuration: Adding R2 to Your World remotely, then imports the ServerManager module, and finally adds the File Services role, along with the File Server role service.
Do you want to change the execution policy? Windows Server Core The option to choose a minimal environment for running specific server roles was a very new installation option in Windows Server , and that option has been enhanced in Windows Server R2 with the addition of Active Directory Certificate Services as a role, and the inclusion of Windows PowerShell as a supported feature.
Server Core is an installation option, not a separate edition of Windows Server R2. The initial configuration is especially different because the Initial Configuration Tasks Wizard isn't available. Once the server is configured, however, you can use standard remote management tools to manage the roles and features on the server, including using Server Manager.
The following steps outline how to perform a basic Server Core configuration to give the server a fixed Internet Protocol IP address and join it to the domain. These instructions assume you've completed the basic installation and set the default administrator password, and you are now staring at the blank Cmd. Use the commands shown in Figure to configure the network adapter for a fixed IP address of Now, join the server to the example.
Once you're back at the inspiring Server Core command line, you need to rename the computer something a bit more memo- rable than the random name given it during the initial install. Now, configure the firewall for remote administration and enable remote management through the firewall, using the commands shown in Figure All rights reserved.
Inspecting systen This includes enabling remote Server Manager, remote management consoles, and Windows PowerShell, which are critical steps to getting your Server Core installation ready to use. Managing Server Core Once Windows PowerShell is installed, and you have remote management and Remote Desktop enabled, you are in a position to manage the server comfortably using familiar tools. You'll need to use Windows PowerShell or the Dism.
The shell in the Terminal Server session will be the command prompt. Figure shows Server Manager connecting to a Server Core computer. Hyper-V provides a fast, fully supported, hypervisor-based virtualization solution that gives you the flexibility to manage your IT resources more effectively and efficiently.
In this chapter we look at the changes to Hyper-V for Windows Server R2 and how to most effectively use them in your environment. The Strategic Role of Virtualization Even as recently as a few years ago, virtualization was something that IT people talked about, but it simply wasn't a significant part of most IT infrastructures. Most virtualiza- tion either was very expensive or was based on using an emulation layer of software that ran on top of the operating system.
This meant that performance was less than ideal, and most applications weren't supported running in a virtualized environment. With the release of Hyper-V, however, that changed dramatically, and nearly everyone in IT is actively investigating or already deploying virtualized servers and applications. So why the rush to virtualize? There are several different reasons why organizations choose virtualization, but the two we hear as the most common drivers are the following: m Flexibility m Server consolidation and utilization Virtualization gives you the flexibility to quickly create test environments, to move workloads from one server to another, and to rapidly deploy additional VMs to meet chang- ing requirements.
It also gives you a far greater degree of hardware independence, as the virtualized workload sees a consistent virtualized hardware across a wide range of physical hardware.
Virtualization plays an important role in enabling organizations to make the most effec- tive use of their hardware resources. By virtualizing multiple workloads onto a single physical server, each in its own VM, you can take advantage of underutilized computer resources while simplifying the overall management of your infrastructure. Virtualization also helps you save money. By having fewer physical computers, you reduce your energy consumption, datacenter space requirements, and hardware support costs, while also reducing your carbon footprint, a not insignificant consideration these days.
Licensing Windows Server R2 Hyper-V requires no additional licensing to use on those editions in which it is available. There are no additional Client Access Licenses required, either. If you're using Windows Server R2 Standard on the physical host computer, and you don't enable any roles other than the Hyper-V role, you have a license to run a second copy of the Windows Server software virtualized on that physical server.
With Windows Server R2 Datacenter, you have an unlimited license to run virtualized instances of the Windows Server software. This can make the price of Windows Server R2 Datacenter a compelling bargain in heavily virtualized environments. You can use the Hyper-V Manager console, either locally if you're run- ning a full server installation, not Server Core or remotely.
You can use Windows PowerShell cmdlets. Virtual Machine Manager - host It integrates into the Server Manager console or runs stand-alone as shown in Figure Hyper-V Settings With the Hyper-V console, you can manage all aspects of a VM except clustering. You can add or delete VMs, add networks, change the settings on a VM, export it, take a snapshot, and all the other things you need to do to a VM.
One key requirement is to leave one net- work interface card NIC exclusively for managing the server. In a production environment, unlike our test environment here, you should also plan on having at least one dedicated NIC for each VM on the server. As you can see, planning for virtualization means configuring your servers with multiple NICs. Hard Disk Floppy Disk Virtual Network Manager Edit Disk Inspect Disk Refresh View View.
Turn Off The name is displayed in Hyper-V Manager. IF you dont select a Installation Options Folder, the virtual machine is stored in the default folder configured For this server. Snapshots include virtual machine data and may require a large amount of space. If you use the wizard to automatically create a new virtual hard disk VHD , it will create a dynamically expanding VHD file, which is nice for only using the space you really need, but imposes a performance penalty as it has to periodically expand the disk space.
A better option is to use the New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard, shown in Figure , to create the VHD file before you create the VM, allowing you to specify a fixed size or pass-through disk for optimal performance.
NOTE One of the areas where Windows Server R2 improves on the performance of Windows Server is dynamically expanding disks, which have been optimized in R2 to reduce the performance penalty.
However, fixed-size VHDs are still recommended for production servers. Differencing This type of disk is associated in 4 parent-child relationship with another disk that you want to leave intact, You can make changes to the data or operating system without affecting the parent disk, so that you can revert the changes easily.
Another consideration when using the New Virtual Machine Wizard is that it automatically assigns only a single processor and a single disk to the VM it creates. In the Settings dialog box, you can change the virtual hardware that is used by the VM, along with management settings for the VM.
This improves the virtual machine's compatibility with different processor versions and older guest LJ Diskette Drive operating systems. Only a limited subset of the virtual hardware of a VM can be modified while the VM is running or in a saved state. These include changing the connection of a network adapter but not the number of network adapters , changing the DVD or Diskette Drive connections, and adding or removing a hard disk. This last feature is an important change in Windows Server R2 that allows you to dynamically manage the storage used by a VM.
We're seriously disappointed by that, but fortunately, there is some good news here, too. First, if you're using Hyper-V in a Windows failover cluster, you'll get a bit of help from the new Windows PowerShell Module for failover clusters, which includes cmdlets for creating, moving, and updating clustered VMs.
The current release as of this writing Is still version 1. If you've never made a custom profile for Windows PowerShell, the directory for it might not exist yet. Because this project was designed to work with Windows PowerShell 1. That will likely change with the next version of PSHyperV.
You can migrate the storage within a host, or across hosts, with short downtimes—on the order of a couple of minutes, depending on the speed of the network and the speed of the storage. Queuing of Live Migrations One limitation of live migration is that you can only do one at a time on a given host, either as source or target.
SCVMM adds the ability to queue live migrations on a host by detect- ing that a migration fails because another one is in process, and relaunching the migration in the background after waiting. The wait between tries increases after each failure, up to a maximum. This could be a slow process on a busy network with large VHDs. Host-Compatibility Checks In migrations between hosts, the CPU and other host hardware needs to be compatible for the migration to succeed. This enables users to check if a VM is compatible without having to do the migration, only to discover that the VM cannot start or run on the host.
But an even better feature is that you can use the graphical console to help build a library of scripts that you can then modify for repeat use. When you perform an action in the console, as the last step before you execute it, you have an option to click View Script, which opens a Notepad window with the Windows PowerShell script that will be executed. For example, Fig- ure shows the Summary page for adding a new filesystem share to the library, and Figure shows the Windows PowerShell code that was displayed with the View Script button.
In Windows Server , you were pretty limited in your options for storage, and even if you used failover clusters, you still had limited flexibility. R2 changes that dramatically with the addition of CSVs in Windows failover clustering. These volumes don't get added as drive letters, but are shown as mount points off the system drive, as shown in Figure Remove from Cluster Shared Volu More Actions Live migration makes it possible to keep VMs online, even during maintenance, increasing productivity for users and server adminis- trators.
Datacenters can now also reduce power consumption by dynamically increas- ing consolidation ratios and powering off unused physical hosts during lower demand times. Live migration and Quick Migration both move running VMs from one Hyper-V physical computer to another, but with an important difference: Quick Migration saves, moves, and restores VMs, resulting in some downtime, whereas live migration uses a different mechanism for moving the running VM to the new physical computer.
Briefly, live migration uses the following process: 1. A snapshot of the running VM's memory pages Is taken and the pages are transferred from the source Hyper-V physical host to the target Hyper-V physical host. During this process, any VM modifications to the VM's memory pages are tracked. Any page modifications that occurred during step 1 are transferred to the destination physical computer.
The destination VM is brought online on the destination Hyper-V server. A live migration results in significantly less downtime for the VM being migrated compared to a Quick Migration or a simple move, making it preferable when users need uninterrupted access to the migrating VM.
Because a live migration completes in less time than the Trans- mission Control Protocol TCP timeout for the migrating VM, users experience no outage for the migrating VM during steps 3 and 4 of the migration. Live Migration 37 38 Processor Compatibility Mode: Migrating Between Hosts with Different Processors na cluster where all the nodes of the cluster are exactly the same, hardware migration Is fairly straightforward. There are no concerns about differences in hardware, and especially no concerns about different capabilities of the CPUs.
Because Hyper-V can take advantage of the processor capabilities in the newest Intel and AMD processors to improve the overall speed and efficiency of the VMs running on the physical host, the default is to use whatever processor features are available on the original host when the VM is created.
With identical processors, both live migration and Quick Migration work as expected. When a cluster includes nodes with different processors, the capabilities of the pro- cessors can be different.
Because a migration occurs with a running machine, this can cause a failure when the VM tries to run after migrating to a different proces- sor. Applications use the x86 CPUID processor instruction to determine processor type and processor features. Use the Processor Compatibility Mode only in cases where VMs will migrate from one Hyper-V-enabled processor type to another within the same vendor processor family. This includes unplanned failovers and manual VM moves between hosts.
Failover clusters in Windows Server R2 can include nodes with different processors, and even processors from different manufacturers. Live migration, however, requires that the processors at least be from the same manufacturer. This does not mean that you can't create a clustered VM if your cluster includes both AMD and Intel-based nodes, but those clustered VMs can't be configured to do live migration except to nodes that are of the same manufacturer.
Create a Failover Cluster Before you can do live migration or Quick Migration , you first have to configure two or more servers as a failover cluster.
Ideally, these should be identical or very similar servers. The minimum number of Gigabit NICs for a supported live migration scenario is three per node. The recommended configuration uses four Gigabit NICs. You should have already created at least two storage disks, one of which will be used for the witness disk.
When you use iSCSI disks, they are initially offline and not initialized even after you have them assigned to a node. You need to use the Disk Management console or Diskpart. Right-click the cluster in the tree pane, and select Enable Cluster Shared Volumes. You'll be greeted with a clear warning as shown in Figure Hyper-V role.
Creation, reproduction and storage of files on Cluster Shared Volumes that were not created by the Hyper-V role, including any user or application data stored under the ClusterStorage directory of the system drive on every node, are not supported and may result in unpredictable behavior, including data comuption or data loss on these shared volumes. Read it and understand what it means before you go any further. The steps for this will vary depending on your SAN hardware or software.
Click Refresh to show any new targets, as shown in Figure Target: — Discovered targets Quick Gonnect,. Select the target you want to add to the cluster and click Connect. Repeat steps 2 through 5 on the second node in the cluster. The iSCSI target must be connected to all nodes that will be using the disk. Open the Disk Management console Diskmgmt.
Right-click again and select Initialize Disk. You don't need to assign a drive letter to the new volume. Select Storage in the tree pane. Add Disks to a Cluster Es Select the disk or disks that you want to add.
Disk Sonnode Select the disk to add and click OK. The disk will be added to the cluster in the Storage node. In the tree pane, select Cluster Shared Volumes. Add Storage Ed Select the disk or disks that you want to add. The disk is now available for Hyper-V storage. Assign CSV storage. Set Automatic Start Action to None. Enable High Availability for the VM. Use the following steps to create the new VM and make it available for live migration: 1.
Virtual Machines View View Help Help 1 Service or application. Displays the new virtual machine wizard. Specify a CSV location, as shown in Figure We recommend that you use a name that helps you easily Assign Memory identify this virtual machine, such as the name of the quest operating system or workload. IF you dont select a Folder, the virtual machine is stored in the default Folder configured for this server. If you plan to take snapshots of this virtual machine, select a location that has enough Free space.
Complete the rest of the New Virtual Machine Wizard. If everything worked correctly, you'll have a success report, as shown. If not, click View Report to identify the problem and correct it. Start the VM and install an operating system as you would normally. The VM is config- ured to support live migration. Once a VM is configured to support live migration, the process is simple. Specify the target node, and the migration pro- ceeds. Optimizing Virtual Machine Performance Windows Server R2 improves overall Hyper-V performance significantly compared to Windows Server , while reducing power consumption and allowing greater VM den- sity per physical host.
The two main areas of performance improvement are scalability and networking. Scalability Improvements in VM Performance Windows Server R2 supports up to 64 logical processors on the physical host com- puter.
This allows greater VM density per physical host, reducing costs and power consump- tion, and gives IT administrators greater flexibility in assigning CPU resources to VMs. Power consumption of the VM physical host is also reduced because of Windows Server R2's support for core parking, which allows unused processor cores to be dynamically turned off and on according to the processor requirements and load. This works the same as in a physical TCP Offload scenario; Hyper-V now simply extends this functionality into the virtual world.
This benefits both CPU and overall network throughput performance and is fully supported by live migration. VM Chimney requires compatible networking hardware but can significantly reduce the host server's CPU burden when dealing with VM network traffic.
This translates into better host system performance and a simultaneous boost to VM network throughput. Support for Jumbo Frames was introduced with Windows Server Jumbo Frames support in Hyper-V adds the same basic performance enhancements to virtual networking, including up to six-times-larger payloads per packet, which not only improves overall throughput but also reduces CPU utilization for large file transfers. Each VM device buffer is assigned a VMQ, which avoids needless packet cop- ies and route lookups in the virtual switch.
Table shows the name changes, but what's really important to understand is that this is much more than just a name change; It is a clear change in focus and functionality. The major technological addition in R2 is full support for Virtual Desktop Infrastructure VDI and the ability to have applications and whole desktops virtualized. Windows Server introduced major changes in Terminal Services, especially the ability to integrate a remotely running application into your local desktop with TS RemoteApps.
In Windows Server R2, RemoteApps is extended to provide a more nearly seamless experience, with the ability to have the full Windows Aero experience for remote applications. RD Virtualization Host 47 48 works with the rest of the Remote Desktop services to provide virtual desktops to users. For users who need a consistent but personal desktop, Windows Server R2 can provide a personal virtual desktop regardless of which computer you are using.
It can also provide a standard corporate desktop from a pool of virtual desktops to users on demand. Remote applications can now take full advantage of multiple moni- tors, the Windows Aero look and feel, and a full audio experience, while also integrating more seamlessly into the Taskbar, Start menu, and system tray. The RemoteApp and Desktop Connection can be customized to meet your needs, but defaults to a name of Enterprise Remote Access, as shown.
Changes made here are directly reflected in the RemoteApp and Desktop Connection Control Panel for Windows 7 users, and in the applications and virtual desktops that users connecting from earlier versions of Windows see when they log in to the RD Web Access server, as shown in Figure The Windows 7 computer of the same user directly integrates these same links into the user's Start menu, as shown in Figure Whenever an administrator makes changes to the available programs or virtual desktops, both the RD Web Access page and the user's Start menu are dynamically updated without further intervention.
Set-—Item olorDepth Integer 5 - 1, 2, 3. Set-—Item llowFontSmoothing Integer 1 - 6. For those new to Windows PowerShell, a brief explanation of providers is in order.
In Windows PowerShell, providers are a way to view and navigate information in a hierarchical way as if the providers were drives on the computer. In fact, the FileSystem is implemented as a provider. The dir command is an alias for Get-Childltem.
So, for example, if you want to know what the parameters are for creating a new RemoteApp using Windows PowerShell, you just ask Windows PowerShell to tell you, as shown in Figure The types of items that can be created depend upon the 1 ocation of the item.
For example. New-Item is used to create files and folders. In the registry » New-Item creates registry keys and entries. New-Item can also set the value of the items that it creates. New-Item can a dd initial content to the file.
When you add a program to the RemoteApp Programs list. You can also specify whether to the program should be shown on the Remote Desktop Web Access portal page.
To not show the program on the Remote Desktop Web Ac cess portal page. To show the program on the Remote Desktop We b Access portal page. For more information. For technical information. Set—Item onnect ionBroker String hpch- 3. No Get-Item,. Not only will they have more direct access to applications and desktops through the RemoteApp and Desktop Connection RAD link in the Control Panel, but the overall experi- ence is more natural and integrated. RemoteApps are directly integrated into the Start menu, Taskbar, and system tray, so that many users will be unable to tell whether a program is run- ning locally or remotely.
True multimonitor support Remote Desktop Services enables support for up to 10 monitors in almost any size, resolution, or layout with RemoteApp and remote desktops. Applications will behave just like they do when running locally in multimon- itor configurations. Audio input and recording — VDI supports any microphone connected to a user's local machine and enables audio recording support for RemoteApp and Remote Desk- top. Windows Aero support VDI provides users with the ability to use the Windows Aero user interface for client desktops, ensuring that remote desktop sessions look and feel like local desktop sessions.
DirectX redirection Improvements in DirectX 9, 10, and 11 application render- ing, and support for the new DirectX Language bar redirection Users can control the language setting of RemoteApp programs using the local language bar. Task Scheduler Improvements keep scheduled applications from interacting with users running RemoteApps, avoiding confusion. Plus, once the initial connection is made, applications and desktops are automatically updated as the administrator configures the available applications and desktops, simplifying management and deployment.
Help os Add RemoteApp Source This will also enable the Hyper-V role. This might require an updated BIOS. Enable an RD Session Host. This will be imported onto the virtual machines VMs. Create the VMs that will be used, configuring them as appropriate. Enable Remote Access. The list shows only virtual machines that are not assigned to an existing virtual desktop pool. For a virtual machine to appear in the list, the RD Virtualization Host server that hosts the virtual machine must be added under the Remote Desktop Virtualization Host Servers node.
AS Virtual machines in the list may already be assigned as personal virtual desktops. Ensure that you do not add those virtual machines to the pool. All virtual machines that you add to 4 pool must be identically configured. Yes, this is fairly complicated, but most of these steps are performed one time only, or can be easily automated. Integrating Remote and Local Applications with RemoteApp RemoteApp for Windows Server R2 gives you the ability to provide your users with an integrated and transparent mixture of local and remote applications.
For applications that behave best when run locally, or that are used when not connected to the network, you can install the applications locally, while providing access to other applications using RemoteApp where appropriate.
Applications running remotely can even control the file extensions on the client computer, providing a transparent experience for the user. To configure remote applications to take over the local file extensions, you need to create a Windows Installer. Click Next and select the program or programs you want to add, as shown in Figure You can also configure individual RemoteApp properties, such as the icon to display.
Click Next to open the Specify Package Settings page. Make any changes here that are appropriate for your environment. RemoteApp Wizard [pee] Configure Distribution Package You can specify how the program package is viewed and installed on client computers.
Shortcut icons Select where the shortcut icons will appear on cient computers. Only use this option when cients do not have locally installed versions of the programs installed on their computers. Also select the Desktop check box if you want the user to have a shortcut to this application on his or her desktop. Click Next and then click Finish to create the. Users can connect to the resources of your RDS environment, including virtual desktops, from supported clients using direct RemoteApp and Desktop Connection, or over the Web using the Remote Desktop Gateway.
This enables users to have consistent access to corpo- rate resources without having to use a virtual private network VPN connection. RD Web Access can be configured to provide virtual desktops as well as RemoteApps, and also provides a gateway to allow users to connect to their own workstation if corporate policy allows it. Licensing The Remote Desktop Services role and its role services are included as part of the standard Windows Server license and do not require any additional licenses.
Companies should carefully consider their users and the type of devices and access they need to RDS resources before purchasing CALs and deciding what mode RD Session Host servers will use. The RD Licensing Manager, shown in Figure , adds important new capabilities, including the ability to automatically migrate licenses and dynamically activate or deactivate license servers. In Windows Server , Terminal Servers used a discovery mechanism to find and con- nect to a license server.
This created problems if the license server was unavailable, or if the discovery process encountered problems, and it became the source of a significant number of support calls. In Windows Server R2, this is changed so that RD Session Hosts explicitly specify the RD License servers they will connect to, as shown in Figure , and when a spe- cific license server is unavailable, licenses are automatically migrated. When an RD Session Host is initially installed, it has a day grace period before a license server needs to be specified.
If no license server is specified and available at the end of that grace period, the RD Session Host will stop accepting connections. Virtual Desktop Licensing Complete and correct licensing of a Microsoft VDI environment requires licensing of both the Windows client operating system running in a centralized location and the infrastructure and management components that enable an end-to-end VDI environment.
These two suites combine the products for an optimum VDI experience in a value package. NET Framework 3. This requirement is to support the new Active Directory Web Services module. However, although the Active Directory roles in Windows Server R2 appear to be the same as those in Windows Server , there are some substantial innova- tions beneath the surface, particularly in the area of Active Directory administration.
The R2 release includes a new set of tools for managing Active Directory from Windows PowerShell, a new graphical management utility that is based on those same Windows PowerShell cmdlets, and a long-requested mechanism for restoring Active Directory objects that administrators have inadvertently deleted. There is also a new facility for joining work- stations to an AD DS domain when they do not have access to a domain controller, and an Active Directory implementation of the Best Practices Analyzer BPA technology that should be familiar to administrators of Microsoft Exchange Server.
These are all improvements that administrators can avoid entirely, if they so desire. You can skip right over this chapter if you want to and continue to work with Active Directory the way you always have on your new Windows Server R2 servers, and everything will function just as it always has.
However, if you choose to persevere and examine these new features, you might find yourself approaching your Active Directory management tasks in a completely new and better way. You might even learn to love the command prompt. For administrators not comfortable working from the com- mand prompt, Windows Server R2 also includes Active Directory Administrative Center ADAC , anew management console that provides a graphical interface to the functionality of the Windows PowerShell cmdlets.
A Windows PowerShell 2. You can also import the module manually from a standard Windows PowerShell prompt by using the following command: Import-Module ActiveDirectory Once you have imported the module, the Active Directory cmdlets it contains become available, but only within that Windows PowerShell session.
If you open up another Windows PowerShell window without importing the module , the Active Directory cmdlets are not available in that session. Of course, for any serious Windows PowerShell user, command-line parameters are only one way to specify attribute values when creating a new object with the New-ADUser cmdlet.
Another possible method is to use an existing object as a template. When you specify the name of the object you want to use as a template on the New-ADUser command line, using the -instance parameter, the system copies all of the attribute values from the template to the new object, except for those overridden by other parameters on the command line. Yet another method, suitable for creating multiple Active Directory objects using a single command, Is to create a comma-separated value CSV file containing a list of the objects you want to create and their attribute values.
The preced- ing are some extremely basic examples of how, with a little study and a little practice, you can learn to enhance and streamline the processes by which you perform your regular Active Directory management tasks, using the tools provided in Windows Server R2. Active Directory Administrative Center: Better Interactive Administration Of course, there are some administrators who are simply not comfortable working from the command line.
Indeed, there are some who scarcely know it exists. However, the capabili- ties provided by the Active Directory Module for Windows PowerShell need not be lost on those who prefer a graphical interface. The console works by taking the selections you make and the information you supply in the ADAC graphical interface and translating them into the proper command-line syntax, using the cmdlets in the Active Direc- tory Module.
The program then executes the commands, receives the results, and displays the results in a graphical fashion.
The Overview page provides access to the root of your domain, as well as basic functions, such as directory search and password reset. As with most pages in ADAC, you can customize the appearance of the page, In this case by clicking the Add Content link and specifying which tiles should appear in the details pane. For example, when creating a new user object, Active Directory Users and Computers only lets you specify the user's name, supply a password, and configure a few basic options.
For anything else, you have to create the user first and then open its Prop- erties sheet to configure it, often switching between many different tabbed pages in the process. With ADAC, the Create User page, shown in Figure , contains a great many more configuration settings—in fact, more than can fit in this figure. Log on to NOTE Not coincidentally, the list of configuration settings on the Create User page closely resembles the list of parameters for the New-ADUser cmdlet discussed earlier in this chapter.
In addition to creating new Active Directory objects, ADAC also enables you to move, dis- able, rename, and delete objects, and configure their properties. Customizing the Interface ADAC includes a Tree View that you can use to browse your domain, in the style of Active Directory Users and Computers, but it also has a List View option, to which you can add your own navigation nodes, as shown in Figure Navigation nodes are essentially shortcuts that point to specific containers anywhere in your domain or in other domains.
Using the Add Navigation Nodes page, shown in Figure , you can browse your enterprise and select the containers you need to access on a regular basis. For AD DS installations that soan multiple domains, or even multiple forests, administra- tors can manage objects in containers anywhere in the enterprise, as long as there are trusts in place between the domains or forests. You can build complex queries by specifying the exact object criteria you want to search within, limiting the scope of the search to specific navigation nodes, and using the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP query syntax.
Suppose, for example, you are managing a large, multidomain Active Directory installation, and you have to locate the user object of the vice president who just called to complain that he is locked out of his account. You can then save the query for later reuse when the vice president locks himself out again.
Introducing Active Directory Web Services ADAC might appear to be nothing more than a new management interface for Active Directory, but there is actually quite a bit that is new beneath the surface.
ADWS requires Microsoft. In this mode, robocopy mirroring makes sure to only copy files that were modified in Source and skip the rest. Command for archive attribute based mirroring:.
However, in subsequent runs, it will only copy the files that were modified. Resolution To fix this issue, uninstall the update KB CreateObject "WScript. Please delete all manually and then install the updates. Echo "Your system is ready to install the updates" End If. To get the package for this update, go to the Microsoft Update Catalog website. You also need at least 4 GB of free disk space to install this update. After a brand-new installation, the disk usage will increase by between 1 GB and 2 GB, depending on processor type x86 vs.
This update replaces the previously released update and We intentionally did not include any specific post-Service Pack 1 updates in convenience rollup for which the following conditions are true:. You may download and install such fixes manually after you determine whether they apply to your deployment scenarios. NET Framework 3. MyCommand object is set to null when you run the script by using PowerShell 3.
If you require the servicing updates for Internet Explorer, download and install the latest Security update for Internet Explorer. For a list of the files that are provided in this convenience rollup, download the file information for update For more information about Windows Update, and troubleshooting problems with installing updates go to the following Microsoft websites: You can't install updates in Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server , or Windows Server R2 Troubleshoot problems with installing updates Learn about the terminology that Microsoft uses to describe software updates.
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